# Embedded System
## Concept
- Constraints - SWaP-C (size, weight, power, cost)
- Computation
- Shifting to [[iot|IoT]], FCC unlicensed 2.4GHz spectrum, also brings more
points of failure and security issues.
- [[microcontroller|Microcontroller]] (SoC) = microprocessor + stuff on single
chip
- RAM
- Flash/ROM
- Devices (connects to Cyber-Physical System)
- GPIO
- Timing I/O - [[pwm|PWM]], [[stepper-motor]]
- A/D and D/A
```mermaid
graph LR
W[Real world]
C[Control]
W --Sense--> C
C --Actuate--> W
```
- Keeping a system as [[fa|FSM]] is great, but the real world is a
[[markov-chain|Markov Chain]].
- [[os|OS]] vs no-OS (a big `while True` loop)
## IO
See [[io|IO]].