# Sensation, Perception, Attention and Awareness ## Outside In - World -> Transduction -> Sensation -> Perception - Certain perception is favored and selected -> Attention - Sensation = picking up of raw signals - Perception = recognition of what that is - e.g. Phantom Limb Pains - [[brain-structure#Parietal Lobe|Sensory strip]] is stimulated ## Vision Seeing what, seeing where? Refer to [[vision]]. ## Selection - [Selective Attention Test - The Invisible Gorilla](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJG698U2Mvo) - Cocktail Party Phenomenon - [Dichotic Listening Experiment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dichotic_listening) - Words are played in two channels, participants need to attend to one ear - Looks like we filter out most of the content, but if the name of subject or profanity is mentioned, people can notice that. - We're still HEARing in the unattended ear. - Right-handed people have a right-ear advantage tendency - [Treisman Experiment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuation_theory) - Participants were asked to pay attention to message one stream. - If the message "moved" to another ear, then participants will automatically continue with the unattended ear. We do process the MEANING of the unattended speech. - Eric Eich Experiment - Participants were asked to pay attention to words in one stream. - Homophone words are in this stream, e.g. pair/pear and I/eye - The unattended message affects the spelling of the attended words by setting a context. ## Self Awareness - Exposing mirrors to animals - 1st Stage: Treating the reflection as another member - 2nd Stage: Habituation, ignoring its existence - 3rd Stage: Resorting the mirror to observe itself. - The Rouge Test - Dye on one side of ear and eye, see if the animal will touch it more frequently ## Theory of Mind - 1st/2nd/3rd order consciousness - what they are thinking about me - Children and False Beliefs - if snoopy has never heard of our conversation, what would he think is in the box? Crayon or Candles? Children under age of 3 are not able to model the mind of others. - Empathy - Experimenter 1 hides the smarties in the box. Experimenter 2 approaches the box. Chimps will then **laugh** at the experimenter.